Free
Internet
Search
$1.6 T
Free
Email
$607.4 B
Free
Maps
$142.2 B
Economic
Value
$66.3 B
Free
Video
$16.1 B
Medical
Services
$9.3 B
Free
Social
Media
$4.8 B
Water
$2.7 B
Education
$1.9 B
Redistribution
$1.7 B
Healthcare
R&D
$1.7 B
Medical
Devices
$1.3 B
Crop
Production
$918.9 M
Pharmaceuticals
$624.5 M
Sanitation
$436.0 M
Hygienic
Products
$215.9 M
Free
Music
$121.9 M
Shelter
$74.2 M
Free
Messaging
$34.9 M
Data
Harvesting
-$50.7 B
Internet
Addiction
-$4.7 B
Workplace
Injuries
-$2.6 B
Greenhouse
Gases
-$2.0 B
Taxation
-$1.6 B
Air
Pollution
-$1.4 B
Biofuel
Production
-$1.4 B
Food
Waste
-$759.5 M
Wage
Theft
-$381.8 M
Tobacco
-$292.4 M
Travel
Injuries
-$271.3 M
Food
Loss
-$178.1 M
Discrimination
-$157.6 M
Calorie
Conversion
-$119.0 M
War
-$81.4 M
Food
Addiction
-$81.2 M
Opioid
Abuse
-$60.6 M
Noise
Pollution
-$39.6 M
Uyghur
Slave
Labor
-$38.9 M
Disordered
Gambling
-$38.2 M
Private
Prisons
-$36.1 M
Alcohol
-$26.0 M
Breastmilk
Substitutes
-$25.0 M
Plastic
Pollution
-$17.9 M
Civilian
Firearms
-$7.7 M
Adult
Entertainment
-$4.5 M
Fermentation
-$2.4 M
Nuclear
Power
-$2.1 M
For
Profit
Healthcare
-$1.9 M
Non-Plastic
Water
Pollution
-$1.1 M
Child
Labor:
Mining
in
DRC
-$606.2 K
Payday
Lending
-$266.5 K
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Free Internet Search Impact: $1.6 T
People have access to free or nearly
free internet services. Our research
finds that such necessary and/or enjoyable
services provide a large amount of value
to those who use them. Companies that provide
these free internet services are attributed
positive Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Free Email Impact: $607.4 B
People have access to free or nearly
free internet services. Our research
finds that such necessary and/or enjoyable
services provide a large amount of value
to those who use them. Companies that provide
these free internet services are attributed
positive Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Free Maps Impact: $142.2 B
People have access to free or nearly
free internet services. Our research
finds that such necessary and/or enjoyable
services provide a large amount of value
to those who use them. Companies that provide
these free internet services are attributed
positive Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Economic Value Impact: $66.3 B
Companies produce economic value by
offering to consumers goods and services
that they value, paying employees for
their labor in producing these goods and
services, and providing value for
shareholders.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Free Video Impact: $16.1 B
People have access to free or nearly
free internet services. Our research
finds that such necessary and/or enjoyable
services provide a large amount of value
to those who use them. Companies that provide
these free internet services are attributed
positive Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Medical Services Impact: $9.3 B
Companies involved in the production and
distribution of medical devices and
pharmaceuticals and the delivery of medical
services contribute to the beneficial impact
of healthcare on life expectancy and
quality of life.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Free Social Media Impact: $4.8 B
People have access to free or nearly
free internet services. Our research
finds that such necessary and/or enjoyable
services provide a large amount of value
to those who use them. Companies that provide
these free internet services are attributed
positive Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Water Impact: $2.7 B
Water is necessary for human life. Unsafe
drinking water results in many avoidable
deaths around the world due to diseases
like dysentery and cholera. Companies
involved in supplying safe drinking water
to people help prevent diseases and
support life.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Education Impact: $1.9 B
Modern economies require an educated labor
force and the government institution of
compulsory public education has spread
throughout the world as individual economies
have transitioned into the modern age.
Educational attainment in a country is a
significant contributor to levels of per capita GDP.
Company contributions to government education stem
from the taxes that companies pay to broadly
finance government.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Redistribution Impact: $1.7 B
Passive redistribution of income has measurable
benefits for social outcomes due to the diminishing
relative utility of incremental income for wealthier
households. Progressive taxation that improves the Gini
coefficient for disposable income as compared to market
income has been observed to improve both economic
growth and life expectancies.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Healthcare R&D Impact: $1.7 B
Pharmaceutical research and development
(R&D) by drug companies has greatly
contributed to advancing the effectiveness
of healthcare, specifically therapeutics.
This has resulted in a large increase in
life expectancy and quality of life.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Medical Devices Impact: $1.3 B
Companies involved in the production and
distribution of medical devices and
pharmaceuticals and the delivery of medical
services contribute to the beneficial impact
of healthcare on life expectancy and
quality of life.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Crop Production Impact: $918.9 M
Food is necessary for human life, and most
food is grown. Food in the form of meat or
dairy also requires supplemental feed that
is grown. Companies involved in the production,
harvesting, storage, transportation, or sale
of food or any other activity that brings food
to consumers are attributed a large amount of
Humankind Value for supporting human life.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Pharmaceuticals Impact: $624.5 M
Companies involved in the production and
distribution of medical devices and
pharmaceuticals and the delivery of medical
services contribute to the beneficial impact
of healthcare on life expectancy and
quality of life.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Sanitation Impact: $436.0 M
Access to sanitation facilities is
considered to be a basic human right.
The main goal of basic sanitation services
is to safely reduce human exposure to
pathogens, which may present a risk to
humans who come in contact with them.
Companies providing wastewater services to
people help prevent diseases and support life.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Hygienic Products Impact: $215.9 M
Companies that offer hygiene products
receive a positive Humankind Value in our
research as these products extend life
expectancies by reducing the burden of
infectious disease. Companies that offer
hygiene related products, such as soap,
are attributed positive Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Free Music Impact: $121.9 M
People have access to free or nearly
free internet services. Our research
finds that such necessary and/or enjoyable
services provide a large amount of value
to those who use them. Companies that provide
these free internet services are attributed
positive Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Shelter Impact: $74.2 M
Shelter is a basic human need. Shelter
provides security from the elements,
enables the human need to rest, and
brings other benefits. Companies involved
in the construction, maintenance, and
access to shelter are attributed
positive Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Free Messaging Impact: $34.9 M
People have access to free or nearly
free internet services. Our research
finds that such necessary and/or enjoyable
services provide a large amount of value
to those who use them. Companies that provide
these free internet services are attributed
positive Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Data Harvesting Impact: $50.7 B
Some companies collect data on users of
their services and provide it to other
entities for ends such as advertising. Our
research finds negative impact from
companies engaging in data harvesting due
to a lack of understanding by the users of
how valuable their data is and how it is used.
Companies that collect data from users of
their services are attributed negative
Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Internet Addiction Impact: $4.7 B
Internet addiction is a behavioral pattern
where one loses the ability to control
internet usage. Addiction can result in,
among other things, harm to social and
professional life, physical health, and
mental health.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Workplace Injuries Impact: $2.6 B
The workplace can expose employees to
dangers that can lead to fatal and non-fatal
injuries and diseases. Companies are
attributed negative Humankind Value based
on workplace injuries and disease that
occur in their sector of the economy and
regions where employees work.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Greenhouse Gases Impact: $2.0 B
It is the consensus opinion in the climate
science community that greenhouse gas
emissions are linked to climate change.
Through the greenhouse effect, heat from
the sun that normally returns to space
becomes trapped in Earth's atmosphere. This
induces climate change, which brings
increased risk of disease, temperature mortality,
infrastructure damage due to extreme weather
events, and reduced water resources, among
other negative effects on humanity.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Taxation Impact: $1.6 B
Taxation represents the underlying cost of
provisioning government services. The Humankind
Value of the benefits of such services exceeds
the taxes paid by society but that tax value must
be deducted from governments in order to derive the
net excess benefits
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Air Pollution Impact: $1.4 B
Particulate matter, sulfur dioxide,
nitrogen oxides, and other harmful air
pollutants are generated by vehicles,
manufacturing facilities, and other sources.
Air pollution has a negative impact on
humanity through increased pulmonary,
cardiovascular, and other diseases which
result in lower life expectancy
and quality of life.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Biofuel Production Impact: $1.4 B
Biofuel is a fuel derived from biomass,
such as crops. Edible biomass sustains
human life and, as a result, yields a
high amount of Humankind Value. Some
companies use inputs that could
contribute to the food supply, like crops,
for biofuel production. For these
companies we deduct Humankind Value to
offset some or all credit given
for food production.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Food Waste Impact: $759.5 M
The food production pipeline spans from
the ground where crops are grown, to harvest,
to transport to grocery stores and food
services, and eventually to the consumer.
Food waste occurs in later stages of the
food production pipeline such as retail,
food services, and by the consumer. Companies
involved in food retail or food services
are deducted Humankind Value for food waste.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Wage Theft Impact: $381.8 M
Failure to pay wages or other remuneration
employees are legally entitled to is wage theft.
Wage theft can take several forms, including
minimum wage violations and confiscating tips.
Companies who engage in wage theft are
attributed negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Tobacco Impact: $292.4 M
The negative impact of addiction to
nicotine from smoking and other tobacco
products as well as the negative impact
of secondhand smoke is well researched.
Companies involved with the production,
distribution, and/or sale of tobacco
products are attributed negative
Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Travel Injuries Impact: $271.3 M
Motor vehicle injuries on the road are
one of the leading causes of death and
injury around the world. Companies involved
with the production, distribution, and
sale of motor vehicles are attributed
negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Food Loss Impact: $178.1 M
The food production pipeline spans from
the ground where crops are grown, to harvest,
to transport to grocery stores and food
services, and eventually to the consumer.
Food loss occurs during the early stages of
the food production pipeline from harvesting
until transport. Companies involved in the
harvest, storage, transport, or other early
stages of the food production pipeline are
deducted Humankind Value for food loss.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Discrimination Impact: $157.6 M
Discrimination in the workplace is harassment
or other negative actions based on an
immutable characteristic of an employee.
Discrimination in the workplace can cause
mental and physical harm to the victim and
harm their career. In addition, perpetual
workplace discrimination can result in
decreased productivity, increased employee
turnover, and other consequences that
negatively impact the economy. Companies who
engage in or tolerate workplace discrimination
are attributed negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Calorie Conversion Impact: $119.0 M
Crops harvested for food provide the
calories necessary for human life. While
companies involved in growing and producing
food yield a large amount of Humankind
value, if crops are diverted for the
production of secondary food items, like
meat or dairy, calories are lost. A negative
Humankind Value adjustment reflects
this conversion of calories.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
War Impact: $81.4 M
Military interventions or internal
conflicts result in deaths, displaced
people, and lost income and livelihoods
through production losses and destroyed
infrastructure. Companies involved in
the production and sale of weapons of war
are attributed negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Food Addiction Impact: $81.2 M
Food addiction is a behavioral pattern
where one loses the ability to control
what and how much they eat. This can lead
to obesity, which lowers life expectancy
and quality of life. Companies involved
with production, distribution, and sale of
highly addictive food are attributed
negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Opioid Abuse Impact: $60.6 M
Opioid drugs produced by certain
pharmaceutical companies can cause
addiction, which has led to numerous
deaths worldwide due to overdoses.
Companies involved in the production
and/or sale of addictive opioid drugs
are attributed negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Noise Pollution Impact: $39.6 M
Exposure to elevated noise levels can have
negative mental and physical health effects
such as anxiety, loss of sleep, and
hypertension. It has also been shown that
exposure to noise pollution can accelerate
cognitive decline. Companies shown to produce
noise pollution are attributed negative
Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Uyghur Slave Labor Impact: $38.9 M
Over one million Chinese citizens from the
Turkic Muslim ethnic populations in Xinjiang
have been deported from their homes to forced
labor re-education camps run by the Chinese
government. This results in obvious physical
and mental harm to the victims of slavery but
also the families of the victims. Companies
whose supply chains are linked to these forced
labor camps are attributed negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Disordered Gambling Impact: $38.2 M
Gambling addiction is a behavioral pattern
where one loses the ability to control the
urge to gamble. Addiction can result in
harm to one’s social and professional life
and physical and mental health. Gambling
addiction has the additional impact of
causing financial ruin to the addicted.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Private Prisons Impact: $36.1 M
The United States has the highest rate of
incarceration in the world. The is due to overly
harsh, potentially racially motivated tough-on-crime
laws passed during the 1960s and 1970s. It is
estimated that some of those incarcerated provide
no public safety benefit. In general, incarceration
bears a total social cost on society per person
incarcerated. This total social cost represents an
external cost to society for those incarcerated for
no public safety benefit. This external cost is
distributed to the United States government and
privately run prisons based on the proportion of those
incarcerated that they house.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Alcohol Impact: $26.0 M
The negative impact of addiction to alcohol
is well researched. In addition to physical
effects on the addicted person, inebriation
due to alcohol consumption can increase the
propensity to engage in potentially harmful
or deadly behavior like drunk driving.
Companies involved with the production,
distribution, and/or sale of alcoholic
beverages are attributed negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Breastmilk Substitutes Impact: $25.0 M
While breastmilk substitutes are sometimes
necessary, their usage has resulted in many
childhood deaths due to increased transmission
of early childhood infections through prepared formula.
Our research has also shown positive impact for mothers
that breastfeed in reduced incidence of certain cancers
and diabetes. Companies involved in the production and
sale of breastmilk substitutes are attributed
negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Plastic Pollution Impact: $17.9 M
Plastic pollution has a negative impact
on the environment affecting, among other
things, marine life and animal and human
health. Companies involved in the production,
distribution, sale, and use of plastics
are attributed negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Civilian Firearms Impact: $7.7 M
Civilian possession of firearms has led
to injuries and deaths, both accidental
and otherwise. Companies involved in the
production, distribution, or sale of
firearms or ammunition are attributed
negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Adult Entertainment Impact: $4.5 M
Addiction to adult entertainment can result
in harm to one’s social and professional
life and physical and mental health.
Specifically, it can rewire one’s brain
such that it becomes very difficult to form
intimate relationships, a basic human need.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Fermentation Impact: $2.4 M
The efficiency of food processing methods and the
resulting impact on calories available for human
consumption varies across the spectrum of human foods
and beverages. The fermentation reaction, which converts
sugars into alcohol by means of yeast, has a relatively
small caloric loss ratio when compared to the inefficiencies
of meat or dairy products. By applying this loss factor,
the benefit from the caloric intake associated with the
consumption of alcoholic beverages is appropriately reduced.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Nuclear Power Impact: $2.1 M
Nuclear power, while producing a negligible
amount of greenhouse gases, can result in
radiation pollution due to the mining of
uranium, disposal of depleted uranium, and
from other steps in the nuclear fuel cycle.
There is also the risk of a nuclear meltdown
at a nuclear power plant which has
catastrophic consequences for people
and the environment.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
For Profit Healthcare Impact: $1.9 M
Our research finds that for-profit
healthcare providers deliver a lower
quality of healthcare, resulting in an
increased risk of death for patients.
Companies involved in for-profit healthcare
are attributed negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Non-Plastic Water Pollution Impact: $1.1 M
Water pollution from fertilizer use in
agriculture leads to the development and
growth of hypoxic zones in large water
masses, leading to the destruction of
marine life. Companies involved in the
production, distribution, sale, or use of
fertilizer in agriculture are attributed
negative Humankind Value.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Child Labor: Mining in DRC Impact: $606.2 K
Child labor is a systemic problem in developing economies
and imposes a broad range of region specific and culture
specific externalities. Patterns of exploitative child labor
in the Democratic Republic of the Congo have been analyzed to
the extent that they contribute to global supply chains.
Alphabet, Inc.'s
Payday Lending Impact: $266.5 K
Payday loans are short term loans, usually
around two weeks, that charge an exorbitant
interest rate. These types of loans are typically
used by low-income individuals that need cash for
expenses they cannot afford at the time.
Unfortunately, lenders of these types of loan do
not always fully inform borrowers of the terms of
these loans and the borrowers are not always fully
aware of the ramifications of using these types of
loans or potential alternatives. For those borrowers,
the exorbitant interest rate paid on these loans
represent an internal cost that is attributed as a
social harm on the providers of these loans.
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